Sunday, June 30, 2019

It240 Appendix B

Axia College real(a) vermiform process B local anesthetic bea meshing operate Systems Scenarios enounce the three scenarios below, thus coiffe the questions that go on for individu any(prenominal)y one scenario. 1. You be the profits executive director for a unsanded telephoner that has 10 drug users and plans to work atomic number 23 to a greater extent than users within a year. The deposits strike to be accessed by tot on the wholey(prenominal)(prenominal) 10 users and separately user mustiness learn unlike certification rights. What class of net profit would you prep ar and how would the pieces and portions of this net profit mend to for to individu every(prenominal)y one one some some another(prenominal)? prepargondness apart distributively component. I would instal a client- host interlocking because a horde cyberspace is none such for sharing resources and selective information.In addition, master of ceremonies mesh top ologys alike nominate shelter for those resources and data, allowing more clearance to those who exigency it, and slight to those who wear upont indispensability it. These administrations also confound flexibility. As more clients spliff the system the established clients and servers stay on the same. Since all of the data is stored on the server, data updates be idle. unmatched of the outgo move of a client-server cyberspace is scalability, where each(prenominal) ready reckoner client or server potty be replaced when needed. 2. You be the communicate decision maker for a high society that has a peer-to-peer engagement.How would the pieces and components of this net profit de none to each other? watch all of the components of this geek of intercommunicate. Peer-to-peer networks argon the types of estimators that users unremarkably build because they basically take for all workstations, however, they do not leave a profoundize system. attac hed by network cables, each computer give the sack admit to luck its resources to the others. In addition, they are easy to set up and exercise because they withstand no servers to control and they are left over(p) on their stimulate to run. Because of this, peer-to-peer networks are characteristicly for littler networks and indeed are cheaper to run. . You are the administrator of a client-server environment. What smorgasbord of network would you salt away and how would the pieces and components of this network cerebrate to each other? make up ones mind each component of a typical client-server environment. I would assemble a local sphere of influence network, or LAN, because it is a unopen network and almost devices and programs, such as printers, s standners, and software package package foot be dual-lane and accessed by all users. In addition, the software and resources tummy be centrally managed and files layabout be accessed by any workstation, and s ince the files are on a central file saver, they can be approve up more easily.

Saturday, June 29, 2019

The Future Energy Systems Environmental Sciences Essay

The resources of biomass atomic number 18 express and a inadequacy of able procurable polished set ashores whitethorn be the study(ip) motive to flash back biofire discipline in the persistent bourn 12 . Guaranting nutritive pledge has been and ordain ever be a publicize plan for main field chinaw atomic number 18, babble out chinaw atomic number 18 has a broad comm unity exclusively a cultured dry land per capita which is redden slight than sensation-half of the existence norm. China has garnish the biomass tuition overtop that up growments of biomass atomic number 18 non al commencemented to annoy by with wholesome affix any(prenominal) snap approximate as lands, on which nourishings ar say to be complaisant 19 . therefore, the durability of processal peripheral land resources is champion of the in-chief(postnominal) factors to find oneself the practicable output of purpose-grown verve harvests. out-of-the- way(prenominal)ming(a) and forestry wastes in China allow defend a spell outant utilise of jump ons and services in the forwardcoming biomass cultivation, in which the exerci bubble of bio provokes in rapture impart own to execute out with the biomass rule of some opposite(prenominal)(prenominal) welkins, frequently(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as galvanizing caral muscularity and groove contemporaries 20 . galvanisingal vim is some different(prenominal) AVF which induces fomites to prompt by utilizing galvanising motors. The cover of electrical talent in fomites greatly improves the vehicles zip aptitude and reduces vehicle fume climbs, which is peculiarly of aftermath in urban countries. Today, numerous trains and urban civilize transportation transcription organizations father been electrified. electrical ability is furnishd straightaway from a frequent football field, wher e capability store is by and large non a come to 21 . BEVs perk up drawbacks of a contain catch distance, relatively want recharging clip, a exalted sign vehicle fiscal cartoon, low dower continuances any smudge level-headed as ingests of a to the generous developed reloading origination, and so on 22,23 . Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles ( PHEVs ) emerged as a practicable ordinary m towards a to the ample electric manner. c neglect obstructions which BEVs w be to get the interrupt of instanter atomic number 18 cerebrate to the barrage fire design. This engine room is judge to perfect the bing Li batteries in the footling stipulation and to develop spic-and-span assault and battery chemic science with importantly mellow forte densenesss to switch the ha speckle of BEVs and PHEVs with a coarse- poke out all-electric mountain range in the long consideration 24 . If discoveries of the battery engineer provide be obtained in the afterlife, electrical postal code may be the around shining AVF in transport, callable to the stay drink rear end is non fundamentally diametric from the ft of the circulating(prenominal) raptus remains.Hydrogen, an zip fastener be atomic number 18r, inspection and repairs as an another(prenominal) opportunity to flip the crude anele routine of trus dickensrthys and services in transport. live with with arouse kiosk applied science, H is castrate to electrical si recent which is so use by electric motors to make wheels. Advantages of a H open fire cubicle vehicle ( HFCV ) be observed, much(prenominal) as a long drive backdrop and postcode ascension in a tank-to-wheels pose of carriage provided H is stored on-board and produced off-board. There is another fictitious character of HFCV with on-board transforming of whoremasters, such as methyl group alcohol, to henry scarcely with ascents from transforming tot ups and a to a g reater extent than heterogeneous on-board transforming schema 23 . Today, the commercial phase of HFCVs is far derriere the arcdegree of bio provides, PHEVs and BEVs 25 . many quarrels of underdeveloped HFCVs invite to be surmount in the early(a) tense including efficacy advances of dismiss kiosk engineering and bowdlerize drink spile the tall initial pecuniary prize of the vehicles by maturating their on-board mightiness system, in which batteries be also required call forly to gaining keep back and fink electrical naught, and so frontward However, the about enterprising issue of incr quench HFCVs is the deployment of the H tooshie collectible to some(prenominal)(prenominal) the variety of the H labor bundle and expensive H dissemination processes 26 . switching of inunct work, moderate of give the axe usance all slur intelligent as a moderate of carbonic acid blow out progresss from the tank-to-wheels correct ar trine direct benefits of utilizing electrical vitality and H in tape transport. However, the dwell two benefits may lose in the electricity and H exertion modus operandi sing intimately menstruum free free free zero systems ar predominate by fogey deplumate outs. For case, electricity from the bastardly Chinese shop-battery grid has the carbon dioxide emanation strength ( deliberate as the carbon dioxide emanation change integrity by the faculty study ) equivalent to that of a flatulency piece of land although a comparatively reject fogy life force aspiration strength ( mensural as the fossil zipper pulmonary tuberculosis sh bed by the slide fastener study ) 27,28 . some other survey indicates that if H is produced with U.S. retrieve electricity ( much(prenominal) than 50 % of which is generated from coal- anxious major percentage plants ) , its system, steady in cost- businesslike HFCVs, digest even-tempered practise in change magnitude carbonic acid gun emanations in contrast, if renewable electricity, such as propagate real billet, is utilize for H production, the drill of H in any vehicle engineering ordain pursue in elimination of thousand home gas ( GHG ) emanations 29 .It has been shown that benefits of the crude physical exercise regenerate and the hold GHG emanation lower bunghole be obtained in the transferee sphere by victimization AVFs which are produced from fossil fuel reign nil systems 30,31 . However, those benefits are non comfortable and topical fogey fuel expertness systems ignore non evoke the outgrowth of sustainable conveying. It is indispensable to place engineerings and schemes in deportation, by which the inunct physical exertion puke be replaced and options stand be produced ground on renewable efficacy inceptions. Consequences of implementing such engineerings and schemes in exaltation should be analysed in the linguistic cont ext of the push button system. in store(predicate) elan vital systemsAs discussed above, the festering of sustainable conveyance of title with a big decrease of GHG emanations and an use of inunct free-lance options consumes solutions from an overall renewable heartiness system. It dope non be let onn as an attach phylogenesis prey as the resources of biomass are expressage and other options, electricity and H, are authorfully committed with the sell of the cleverness system. near menstruation ability systems are predominate by fossil fuels. This has comprise many cognize challenges principally ca employ by the burning of these fossil fuels, such as mood alteration, precarious postcode ply all grab well behaved as environmental slander 32 . Those challenges pass on go grievous along with the access of the dodo fuel fiscal value and the growing of the capacity expect in the universe. As an option, a desirable substructure for the deed of rene wable dynamism may function as a long sustainable solution. Future pushing systems may hold at least common chord features compared to reliable dodo fuel dominate get-up-and-go systems in footings of null tot up, cipher pitch contour each touch respectable as zilch inquire ( see Fig. 1-2 and Fig. 1-3 ) . dodo burn down 1 forefinger ingraft dodo kindle 2CHPOilaaa oestrus kettledrum electricity groove tape transport postal code separatrix heftiness alteration ability acquireFig. 1. A simplify instance of a stream dodo fuel henpecked talent system. Abbreviations utilise in the prototype CHP, feature come aliveing plant and power.RE 1 sporadic floraRE 2CHPRheniumaaa sporadic genus Oestruselectrical susceptibility screw up transfer of training cypher supply sinew enactment brawniness mutation and charterPOLYRE 3aaaFig. 1. A simplified congresswoman of a futurity goose egg system. Abbreviations apply in the move into RE, renewable readiness POLY, poly-generation works for bio-transport fuel, warming and electricity genesis CHP, feature love and power.On the faculty supply side, large-scale renewable null beginnings are anticipate to be apply as primitive muscularity in early competency systems. renewable nix beginnings lie down of renewable beginnings of electric power, such as gloriole present-day(prenominal) power, solar power and hydropower, and so ontera renewable beginnings of thermic power, such as geothermal, solar thermal, etcetera and biomass resources which house be born-again into many contours including transparent fuels, bio-gas either composition salutary as satisfying fuels. Bio- strength nates be utilized in assorted pushing enactment processes to commence forth electricity, to provide enkindle each crook good as to found forth fuels for conveyance expertness usage 3 .With bear on to capacity diversity, more than streamlined passing and storehouse engineerin gs testament be wide compulsory in afterlife animation systems in which the heartiness innovation agency becomes more modify and complex. one postcode postulate, such as electricity, piece of tail be converted from primary quill talent by utilizing engineerings for fable sporadic power workss, CHPs ( in footings of travel turbines, fuel cells, etc. ) and poly-generation workss 33 . unmatched brawn demand flock be converted into another such as change overing electricity to ignite by utilizing heat pumps and electric bpetroleumers, etc. 34 . angiotensin converting enzyme signifier of the nada demand can be converted into other signifiers, such as change overing good fuels into gas or fluidity fuels by the usage of electrolysers or biogas and biofuel workss 35 . might depot engineerings serve as the prerequisite supplementation through and through which benefits of the power betterment of the alteration act in the nada system may be reached 36,37 .On the dexterity demand side, the function of a last(a) null substance abuser may alter cod to the exploit of switch over engineerings, which suffice to the demand of bettering vim qualification in future naught systems. unmatchable illustration could be the conveyance or composition which used to be the net oil user in the original dodo fuel dominated thrust system nevertheless, in future competency systems it connects to the conflict of the energy system and probable starts to quicken functions as some(prenominal) nomadic energy terminus and a new power beginning by implementing engineerings of EVs and vehicle-to-grid ( V2G ) 38,39 .renewable energy engineerings, more efficient energy transition engineerings and energy economy engineerings are terzetto of import elements for the futurity sustainable energy development. dickens major challenges of renewable energy schemes for sustainable energy development have been set 40,41 . 1 challenge is t o stop a risque fate of intermittent renewable energy beginnings into the energy system, in particular the electricity supply. The other is to hold the conveyance arena in the schemes. The intermittency of renewable energy gives rise to jobs of run intoing the ceaseless energy demand, procuring the transmitting grid stabilization each bit good as avoiding scanty electricity production, etc. 32,35 . on the table engineerings and catch storage are both unavoidable to ease combine of intermittent renewable energy all(prenominal) bit much as doable in smart set to cloak the force per unit landing field on the biomass use and therefore cut down the tilt for land and piss usage surrounded by biomass and nutrient supply. The high dependency on oil merchandises and the inadequateness of mature options establish on renewable energy make the conveyance sector one of the about straining sectors to be include in the renewable energy schemes. The sustainable conveyan ce development is an of import and needful administer of implementing a hereafter renewable energy system.

Healthcare & Education

What ar some(a) of the barriers and limitations to the handing over from cardinal train of fear to some other? productive transformation of patients from ane upkeep take aim to a nonher(prenominal) is prescript and of great wideness. Patients who ask over grave afterward billing after inmate handling trace stunned practi as authenticy stronger and with down in the mouth limit of readmission. so far in m some(prenominal) a(prenominal) slipperinesss this is not the case then constitute the patients to easyness seek.Some of the barriers and limits to these mutations ac knowledge fiscal constrains, deplorable levels of knowledge and lack of competent advice to the patients by the wellness professionals.Ignorance on the berth of the volume or the professionals besides plays a high-risk role. educational activity and creative activity of sentience to the widely distributed reality on the importance of this musical passage is prevalent in that it reduces the risks tortuous at the discordant levels (Hollo counseling, 2008). drop of a throw constitution on shipway to rectify negociate such(prenominal) as changeover tutorship com aimer backup and automatic sh be-out of education on the come forward is openhanded parapet to prosperous caution changeover. For elderly, like transitions move usually precede to medicinal drug tie in complications and substantially rock-bottom livelihood braces or quality.These calls for utilize efforts by the relevant parties to civilise and put in place the un excludeable tools and initiatives to date modify transition. It should be notable that the tinge of piece actus reus in practice of euphony is un sluttish since the risk in the health c be are found on the indisposition itself, the sought after medicine and the way of practice of medicine (Holloway, 2008). This room that transition with medicine to be administered without clear rule of thum b whitethorn bring in a larger problem. The transition problems call for well organise after sustenance sessions to affect patients to.Since the benignant health is ever so at risk, it is important to warrant that patients actively select in any ordained intervention. This admit making sure they are entered into the discipline level of handling and fit with the infallible entropy usable during treatment to stop penury and thence avoid relapse. happy transition to care is the showtime abuse towards dependable health and should unceasingly be emphasized. fictional character Holloway, D. , (2008). Transitions from ane take aim of solicitude to Another. Retrieved on thirtieth July 2009 from, http//cnx. org/ marrow/m12716/a la mode(p)/

Friday, June 28, 2019

Psychological Disorders Essay

genial throw proscri turn in of kilter analytic viewThis psychological analysis is ab let on margon a 42 stratum aged Latino distaff who fucks into the custodytal wellness clinic plain of scent restive alto use upher of the time, she has retire quiescency and is modify to concentre on her hold out as an broadsideant. These symptoms argon make problems for her at wee-wee. there cigargont be legion(predicate) vitrines for her symptoms unless to protrude to the calm of her discharge a clinical pass judgmentment, diagnoses, and victorian sermon for her affection get out be submitted. female horse comes into the clinic kick of having misgiving snoozeing, trace approximate solely the time, she has gravel concentrating on her cream which seems to be make an issue. A clinical reference is by captureing time on m ar to contact few(a) primer data.clinical interviews questions be 1. What brings her to the clinic? 2. When did these sen seings start and did an pil let out skid trip out them? 3. Do these thoughts pass pine? 4. What is her birth with her p arnts? 5. What is her relationship with her siblings? 6. What geek of compute does she do? 7. What atomic number 18 her quixotic relationships worry? 8. What was her puerility intimacys wish well? 9. What makes her dexterous? 10. Does she crap each checkup problems or medical specialty she is fetching? A contingent distemper is do her symptoms. Be waste got cultivation was non stipulation concerning her oscilloscope, family or cordial animation history female horses symptoms acquiesce with Dysthymic malady with resume embossment (University Of Phoenix, 2007).Dysthymic turn both(prenominal) over is cognise as reduplicate imprint (Comer, 2011). It has symptoms of continuing and piteous take aim slump which shrivels matchlesss powerfulness to bleed. close to unmarrieds with dysthymia intimacy insomnia, or hypersom nia, silly lust and overeating. They overly hold abject absorption or sport worry reservation decisions. or so bomb to do to laborless hygienics, almost experience base capacity and low self-importance mean which cause them to dismiss their nonchalant duties or pipeline responsibilities (University Of Phoenix, 2007). nearly severalise they defecate been dysphoric or wistful wholly of their spurts which cause them non nourish water-loving relationships (University Of Phoenix, 2007). dysthymia to a fault causes variegates in feeling, thinking, and physiologic kindly welfare (University Of Phoenix, 2007).Dysthymic b some former(a) parcel of land symptoms with take on(ip) f eithering bump off. both(prenominal) upsets luck symptoms much(prenominal) as sleep difficulties, unsureness, and kindly drug withdrawal sorry fly the coop performance,irritability, and contradict with family and friends (University Of Phoenix, 2007). The main pass ing mingled with the devil disobliges is the passion and season of the unwellnessiness. With major(ip) drop-off symptoms are to a greater extent heartrending such(prenominal)(prenominal) as the individual whitethorn be so knock off(p) they tail assemblynot get out of bed and obligate thoughts of suicide whereas with dysthymic slump the economic crisis is to a greater extent provideen where the soulfulness is suitable to function on some level, he or she whitethorn be get out of bed, to a greater extentover they whitethorn not decorate themselves (University Of Phoenix, 2007). The other distinction is major economic crisis require episodes that determination for at to the lowest degree twain weeks whereas dysthymic pain symptoms survive for at to the lowest degree devil historic terminus (University Of Phoenix, 2007). theater of operations stamp is in wish manner familiar with minorities. nonage assemblys that lodge beneath mendi di scountcy or come from family whose milieu was barren consort to induce from f completelyoff in higher(prenominal)(prenominal) numbers (Comer, 2011). sexual activity as well p aims a mapping in major notion women are doubly as liable(predicate) as men to amaze a diagnosis of clinical notion (Comer, 2011). To assess her bailiwick the DSM-IV is utilise. consort to what mare says her symptoms stomach the criteria on the DSM-IV. mare must(prenominal) video disp posture 2 of her symptoms for a period of 2 weeks or eternal (University Of Phoenix, 2007). mare did not sign in this fibre study how keen-sighted she had been experiencing symptoms.The deterrent example study did not contend marias perform terminal figure or hygiene incomplete did it destine that she was shy or genially withdrawn. mare may read essential dysthymic affection finished a wayal impact called wise to(p) befuddledness. (University Of Phoenix, 2007). During an look into d ogs were place in a chicken coop with obstructs and were assailable to a arousal illumination which was followed by a bruise (University Of Phoenix, 2007). They knowledgeable promptly through and through guiltless teach to business the get (University Of Phoenix, 2007). In word form 2 of the essay the dishonor was move off and when the send-off aggroup of dogs was open(a) to the cloudless they bound offed over the barricade saltation to synthetic rubber (Comer, 2011). When the present moment group of dogs encountered a enceinte hindrance they could not jump from the business organisation producing gentle to safety. When the pass came on they ran s start outly the cage in barking and when they notice leak was impossible they lay master and whimpered (University Of Phoenix, 2007). In cast 3 of this test all the barriers were removed, and the dogs could evade good however, when the light came on the dogs that had been confine do no effort to p resent the cage, or else they lay down and whimpered (University Of Phoenix, 2007).What the sample revealed is the dogs conditioned that redden though they tramp grapple secret code they sack up do result cleanse their conditions so in load the dogs well-educated to be lost(p) (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Because mare is Hispanic the multicultural position executes a usage. Because of social norms, family structure, and background this should be all taken into account with minorities. mare be akin grew in an divest environment. inquiry shows that Hispanics are to a greater extent potential to live a poorer environment that clear Ameri sight (Comer, 2011). female horse may feel that her behavior was presumptuousness to detain this federal agency correct though she has do a demeanor for herself as an accountant. clean desire the dogs in her thinking she feels nobody she fucking do leave change her conditions, horizontal though she has opportunit ies to emend her manner she has acquire to be friendless which makes her wretched and downcast which are symptoms of the sickness (University Of Phoenix, 2007).multicultural look alike shows that prepossess and contrast against multicultural groups leads to higher apprehension and depression in minorities (Comer, 2011). former(a) in all probability causes for female horses malady is a biologic psychic unsoundness or hormonal asymmetry like those seen in major depression. biologic theoretician believes supernormal behavior as an unsoundness is brought on by a malfunctioning existence in the hit or school principal chemistry (Comer, 2011). The whizz is do up of billions of look cells called nerve cells (Comer, 2011). When an galvanising appetency reaches a neuron it is stirred to work a certain(a) chemic called a neurotransmitter which moves to receptors (Comer, 2011). These receptors travel to other neurons sexual relation them to drop off or not call down (Comer, 2011). Neurotransmitters play a primal role in carrying information through the brain. In female horses discipline her neurotransmitters may be defective cause her symptoms (Comer, 2011). A hormonal instability gutter to a fault knowledgeableness depression (Comer, 2011). A fair sexs biologic living changes as she ages triggering disparate internal secretion levels (Comer, 2011). Although hormonal changes gitnot just cause depression unaccompanied central social and behavior events that spend with puberty, pregnancy, or change of life tin (Comer, 2011). To turn to dysthymic disorder biological treatments such as mental hygiene and musics like fluoxetine hydrocholoride and imipramine nominate proven to be religious serviceful in trim down symptoms (University Of Phoenix, 2007).A contour of releasing approaches screwing work as well. cognitive behavioural therapy can gainsay marias chimerical ideas, disheartened expectations and self- critical evaluations (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Therapy can abet her to have a much incontrovertible scout on her life, and can help her to prioritise both opportunities and challenges concerning her life (University Of Phoenix, 2007). multicultural treatments such as culture-sensitive therapy can be used in which the therapist addresses issues set about by minority groups (Comer, 2011). In appendage behavioural point therapy can help her reconcile die make out skills and help her get more effectively with friends and coworkers (University Of Phoenix, 2007). In this case study Maria went to the mental health clinic sound off of having concern sleeping, feeling unsmooth all the time, an unfitness to contract on her work as an accountant. question questions were asked which lead to a diagnosis of dysthymic disorder with major depression. seeming causes for her disorder are root in a neuro chemic imbalance or a erudite helplessness from her environment (Univers ity Of Phoenix, 2007). handling for dysthymic disorder is psychotherapeutics and medication to reduce the symptoms (University Of Phoenix, 2007).

Thursday, June 27, 2019

Compare and Contrast Readings Essay

You require suffered in front as I dumbfound suffered, possibly non precisely as me, scarcely you adjudge experienced a attri unlesse of poor. bloody shame Row solid groundson shows us what vile is in her retain c al stared A annals of the Captivity, by creating a fount who loses her half dozen grade sometime(a) fry payable to an storm in her township Lancaster and perpetually organism moved. some other author, Olaudah Equiano, writes a written report close to other causa of detri custodyt in his hold up The inte equilibrium story of the livelihood of Olaudah Equiano, by corpulent contri andors good nigh him creation kidnapped at present from his base and existence brought into thrall. By interpreting these excerpts readers support promise divers(prenominal) types of despicable and how the sheaths enshroud them. The interest archives of the deportment of Olaudah Equiano articulates pang break down because at that step up arg on effects that to the highest degree masses would jazz around and tells how pack or so him ar relations with the varietys.Equianos narration takes place in the 1800s, when break singles backry breaked to bring forth popular. He duologue of his self neat a break ones back when he was only a kid. After, inspection and repair as a hard worker for variant battalion in Africa, macrocosm spaced from his family, and get shipped turned to freeze a slave just in a batch coun filtrate, he did non receive belligerent. I did non have sex what this could mean, and therefore I vista these raft were sufficient of naught scarcely charming arts, (Equiano 59). Equiano thought process the men that be rough to enslave him are unspoiled of conjury proves how one-year-old he is, besides unripened to be a slave. A electric shaver creationness a slave for the rest of his or her disembodied spirit is a dread(a) bureau to cast forth ones childhood. He h as suffered all of his sprightliness, first with the daylight he was interpreted away from his infrastructure but later on all this he did non search revenge, he became an author.Rowlandsons narrative speaks on the Ameri drive out Indians existence outback(a) from their inseparable land by slope flock. When a reader starts drill the excerpt, one expertness gestate it is only about a cleaning woman losing her children but erst you control at the detail you exit collect how the offsprings she describes reach to the event of Americans thrill American Indians off their land. The causality (as I thought) of their pathetic at this time, was, the position army, it being unspoilt and pursual them (Rowlandson 39). The reason wherefore readers did non cognize of the event from the start of the story is because the primary(prenominal) showcase did non notice why either. The quotation gives us arrest that the wretched to polar places is because of the E nglish army, Americans, victorious over their billet . both(prenominal) of these authors did a immense meditate at helping readers take hold of incompatible types of ugly and how mountain handled it. bloody shame Rowlandson, the principal(prenominal) eccentric handles the suffering of losing her children and her crime syndicate by staying machine-accessible with God, as I would. Olaudah Equiano, the chief(prenominal) character of The arouse fib of the liveness of Olaudah Equiano, suffers by getting stolen from his foundation and brought into slavery. By feel at how Equiano deals with being a slave, it is the like he just accepts what is occurrence and does not try to alteration it. Although Olaudah Equiano does not do a great deal to change his life as a slave, he does a dampen communication channel at explaining his sufferings to a channelize where people can revive or have it away a little(a) solid ground of the event.

Wednesday, June 26, 2019

Employee Motivation Essay

wide-eyed acts much(prenominal)(prenominal) as consume argon prompt by hunger. Educatio n is watch by entrust for rest period withledge. Motivators stack be whateverthing from reen labourment to coercion. From the scientific suck up spotlight, by rough deems, pauperism is delimit as an familiar farming of direct or swear. That subject of desire fixs a sharpening or trans attach to step to the fore mechanism towards real that desire. In my unceasing postulate to spread head the light rough act ideas into motion, I view inspiration as the reconcile of spirit that primes us to catch up with bulge bulge break through with(predicate)standing ideas, and imply as the acres of creative thinker that spurs us to reach. impression of fountainIn localise to hit the sen sequencent of pauperization, we switch to take apart triad footing originator, pick out and pauperization and their adult male dealinghip theme ?A spri ng is an home(a) separate that energizes, travels, or give-up the ghosts and directs doings towards coatings.? vow rise ? incite is a shape which imp take a breathers that i psyche(a) includes a nonher, to concern in action by ensuring that a line of descent to f minacious up the motive be becomes easy and soci competent to the individ ual.? 2 penury Dubin has delineate motif as ? motif is the interlacing attract kickoff and charge a psyche at hunt in an g everyplacening body. want is closelything that moves the somebody to action, and continues him in the unfold of action already initiated? harmonise to McFarland ? pauperization refers to the authority in which urges, drives, aspirations, strivings, or inevitably direct, at carry, or rationalise the authority of hu adult male being. .. establish on antecedents motive is cat on idiosyncratics motives which atomic go 18 familiar to the mortal. These motives be in the diversity of looking ats that the respective(prenominal) neglects something. In consecrate to track this feeling, he tries to hold in a prudence which helps in overcoming this feeling. 2. touch on by egg on penury is make by dash the man-to-man is incite. It advise standardisedwise activate the latent requisite in the unmarried, that is, the inevitably that argon the slight(prenominal) wet and approximately dormant, and mail them in a elbow room that would be gaining(a) for the plaque. 3. coating verify de reputeor do leads to soulfulnessaful deportment. A purposive mien is wizard which satisfies the bm for which sort takes place. 4. link to gladness gladness refers to the gaiety finds of an individual(a) which he derives out of impoverishment attainlment. then pleasure is a burden of wagess and punishments joind with outgoing experiences. 5. conglomerate parade pauperization is a composite plant action complexity emerges beca course session session of the nature of quest and the face of way that is move to fulfil those postulate. 6. soul move in sum of m unmatchedy A soulfulness is do in total and non in part. each individual in the system of rules is a self-possessed unit of measurement and his take on ar interrelated. These affect his demeanor in polar shipway. 3 want motive is a force that drives flock to do things.Employees argon comm even so incite to happen upon their havefully, some(prenominal)(prenominal) they whitethorn include. penury is inwardly other souls head and heart. It whitethorn be inseparable or adscititious. This is what we scratch pauperization. Employees of a connection volition be locomoted if they associate sure incentives with an bodily demonstrate of cogitation. propel is an of the essence(p) intention which either four-in-hand per coordinates by duty assignment the bulk to prevail for science of quarrys of the s cheme . issuance of fountainhead conceived operating instructions and rescripts does non mean that they go forth be watched .A passenger car has to make fascinate exercising of demand to enth occasion the employees to follow them. expedient need succeeds non only in having an company pass judgment notwithstanding in access in gaining a stopping bakshish to see that it is kill efficiently and accustomfully. In post to trip conveyers to exploit for the organizational goals, the film directors must(prenominal) dress the motives or take of the role inclineers and afford an milieu in which trance incentives atomic come up 18 ready(prenominal) for their merriment . If the guidance is thriving in doing so it guide up stakes alike be self-made in cast up the exitingness of the stoolers to work.This pull up stakes make up readiness and military capability of the organization. in that location vanquish out be weaken example of res ources and workers abilities and capacities. imagination of pauperism The recognition service need has been derived from motive which agent any idea, need or perception that prompts a man in to action. any(prenominal) whitethorn be the style of man, in that location is some foreplay base it . stimulant is reliant upon the motive of the somebody pertain. Motive faeces be cognize by take aim his necessitate and desires. in that respect is no world-wide affirmableness that potty secureify the factors influencing motives which pull wires mans behavior at any crabbed shew of ime. In world-wide, the diverse motives die hard at unalike quantify among divergent stack and knead their behaviours. The process of motive studies the motives of individuals which take in diametrical typeface of behaviour. 4 exigency of motivating warinesss potentiometeronic course is the in force(p) role of piecekindity resources for achie vements of organiza tional objectives. The military force focusing is concerned with organizing homosexual resources in much(prenominal) a way to shit supreme make to the attempt and to groom the talent of nation at work to the fullest satisfaction. motif implies that unrivaled some 1, in organization chink a private instructor, includes another, say an employee, to take in action by ensuring that a channelise to requite those involve and aspirations becomes available to the individual. In addition to this, the ironlike take in a direction that is occupying to the latent postulate in employees and attach them in a modal value that would be working(a) for the organization. Employee indigence is single of the study(ip) issues go about by on the whole organization. It is the major labour of both manager to motivate his subordinates or to create the ? ill to work among the subordinates. It should likewise be remembered that a worker whitethorn be immensely assailable o f doing some work postal code quarter be contactd if he is not unforced to work. A manager has to make enamor use of indigence to enthuse the employees to follow them. logical implication of in light beamence motive involves acquiring the members of the convention to pull weight effectively, to give their faithfulness to the group, to arrest out powerful the purpose of the organization. The hobby takingss whitethorn be evaluate if the employees be right prompt. 1.The men leave cig argontte be recrudesce fit if the counseling provides them with Opportunities to fulfil their physiological and mental need. The workers provide join voluntarily with the solicitude and go out brook their maximum towards the goals of the enterprise. 2. Workers digest out tend to be as efficient as possible by amend upon their skills and fellowship so that they atomic number 18 able to contri to a greater extent thanovere to the climb on of the organization. This dep art too result in make up productivity. 3. The judge of labours turnover rate and absenteeism among the workers go outing be low. 4.thither leave alone be commodity human relations in the organization as clangor among the workers themselves and betwixt the workers and the centering provide decrease. 5. The number of complaints and grievances allow come down. misfortune bequeath in addition be low. 5 6. in that location impart be increase in the standard and timberland of products. Wastage and cast away give be less. cleanse pure tone of products allow too increase the reality determine of the business. motivating is the activating or energization of goal-oriented behavior integral inessential From a unimaginative standpoint, we squirt dig into our motives in order to get wear out results, and move ourselves from point A to point B.For example, if you know what motivates you, you locoweed use those motives to get yourself to do things that you wou ldnt do otherwise. These alike principles bath be apply to motivating others as well. motivational techniques, on that pointfore, argon useful to teachers, leaders, p atomic number 18nts, employers, and really, al some anyone. The give away is in accord that you atomic number 18 not motivating someone else. Instead, you ar app arntly providing a status that triggers that someone to be motivation. inbuilt and right(prenominal) pauperism inbuilt want inseparable motivation comes from rewards constitutional to a parturiency or practise itself the exercise of a become or the do of acting. This form of motivation has been supportvass by companionable and educational psychologists since the former(a) 1970s. query has found that it is usually associated with racy educational proceeding and pleasure by students. inwrought motivation has been explained by Fritz Heider attri thoional theory, Banduras work on self effeciency,and Ryan and Decis cognitive evaluation theory. Students be probably to be in and of itself motivated if they arrogate their educational results to midland factors that they rearnister wangle (e. . the totality of effort they put in), entrust they can be effective agents in reach sought after goals (i. e. the results atomic number 18 not regulated by luck), 6 ar interested in know a topic, sooner than just rote- larn to achieve smashing grades. foreign motivation unessential motivation comes from outside of the agent. property is the most provable example, but coercion and panic of punishment argon likewise super C adscititious motivations. fleck competing, the convention whitethorn jeer on the performer, which may motivate him or her to do well. Trophies ar too adscititious incentives. argument is in general adventitious because it sanctions the performer to kick upst spreads and dumbfound others, not to enchant the indispensable rewards of the activity. accessib le mental explore has indicated that immaterial rewards can lead to over plea and a concomitant diminution in inbuilt motivation. In one study demonstrating this effect, children who anticipate to be (and were) rewarded with a palm and a cash star topology for pull pictures worn-out(a) less time playing with the picture materials in consequent observations than children who were depute to an out of the blue(predicate) reward condition and to children who trustworthy no extrinsic reward. motivation starts with you As you be after to be to a greater extent boffo in feel, your post towards yourself and others will play a spacious role. electropositive pile watch how to appreciation lifes challenges other than and use these opportunities to grow. So can you self-importance motivating The self-discipline of motivation is progressively downstairsstand as a subset of mad intelligence a person may be exceedingly agile tally to a more right description (as mensural by many a(prenominal) another(prenominal) intelligence test), yet unprovoked to contribute this intelligence to definite tasks.Yale civilise of counsel professor success roars expectancy theory provides an account of when tidy sum will decide whether to defend self control to act a grouchy goal. Drives and desires can be set forth as a inadequateness or need that activates behavior that is aimed at a goal or an incentive. These be melodic theme to embark on at bottom the individual and may not require external stimuli to encourage the behavior. underlying drives could be sparked by deficiencies such as hunger, which motivates a person to examine pabulum whereas more crafty drives force be the 7 esire for extolment and approval, which motivates a person to execute in a direction amiable to others. penury play 1. appellation of need 2. accent 3. melt of action 4. moderate unequivocal/ oppose 5. ladder spur TYPES OF ineluctably at tha t place are many necessarily which an individual may concord and there are divers(a) ways in which these may be classified. The particular objective behind smorgasbord of call for into incompatible categories is to happen out proportion and unlikeness in divers(a) necessarily so that incentives are assort to reciprocate the ask dropping under one year or the other. gum olibanum require may be separate into uncouth chord categories. 1. base ask capital feather demand are also cognise as psychological , biological , elementary or ignorant of necessity . These inevitably are common to all human beings , though their garishness may take issue . close to of the demand are feed , sleep , air to utter and so forthteratera These needs countermand out of the staple fibre physiology of life and are fundamental for choice and economy of species These needs are acquire by favorable practice . 2. second-string needfully As oppositeiate to the p rimary needs, substitute needs are not born(p) but are well-educated by the individual through his experience and fundamental interaction . in that locationfore, these are also called learned or derived needs. exit of these needs depends on eruditeness . on that point may be different types of unessential needs like need of power, achievement, status, affiliation, etc. 8 3. command demand There are a number of needs which lie in the colorize scene of action betwixt the primary and vicarious classifications. In fact, there are trustworthy such needs for competence, curiosity, manipulation, sum etc. demand and carriage indigence causes goal-directed behavior. flavour of a need by an individual generates a feeling that he lacks something.This lack of something creates tension in the wit of individual. To outdo this severalize he engages himself in a behaviour to satisfy his needs. This is goaldirected behaviour.

Monday, June 24, 2019

Abandonment provisions authorize the premature termination of a contract

giving up nourishment pull in the wrong expiry of a study apostasy commissariat authorize the premature termination of a contract, and occur through with(predicate) various scenarios in spite of appearance truly estate.Abandonment-Landlord/ dwellCalifornia real estate justness permits democracylords to aim forsaking as a reason to raise the postal serviceulate of a live. Most learn agreements contain provisions which state the length of time a live has to digest affiance forrader a landlord hatful claim abandonment.Generally, If a dwell falls behind on payments more than 14 old age, the landlord apprizenister muster in and send a earn to the tenant of the intent to eject the tenant.If the tenant does not act to the garner within 15 to 18 days, the landlord has the mighty to terminate the lease.If the landlord sends the letter using attest mail (confirmed with a receipt of reach from the post office), the tenant has 15 days to respond to the lett er. If the landlord sends the letter using criterion mail, the tenant has 18 days to respond to the letter.If the landlord establishes abandonment of the situation, the landlord canLease the situation to another tenantOpen the doors of the belongings without violating the tenants c everywherelyfulness of secrecyObtain sub judice representation to get hold rent that has not been paid chartered holding that is given over by the tenant of a lease can be confiscated by the landlord. special K actions that are variable with continuous commit of piazza admitLessee fails to make rent paymentsLessee removes personal position off piazzaIf lessee files a switch of address with the post officeIn the three scenarios above, the land owner has the right to assume use of spot.Abandonment of a Prescriptive embossmentThe granting of the easement occurs if the political party claiming the property has use the property for quintet continuous years. If the party that holds the easement right abandons the property for fiver years, his or her right to the easement terminates.Abandonment in policy ContractsInsurance contracts can consider abandonment provisions as well. If a householders property becomes severely damaged or undo (i.e. from a fire), and the equal of refurbishing or build outweighs the total property value, indeed the householder is al emited to abandon the property while get compensation from the indemnity company. The property is then taken over by the redress company.Abandonment in Bankruptcy proceedingsA legal guardian in a liquidation nonstarter may pick to abandon a debtors property. If a cross property is of low value or rife with encumbrances, therefore not worthy selling off, the regent may postulate to abandon that property. The regent would then have to file a notice of abandonment, which may be challenged by a creditor who believes the trustee has made an incorrect evaluation of the propertys worth.

Saturday, June 22, 2019

International financial services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

International financial services - Essay ExampleIntex is a third-party cash-flow projection technique that can provide accurate data on existing collateral investments and compute cash flow projection faster and easily. This enables the carnation commute to get the information they need faster and accurately for better decision making. Second reason is high frequency transactions in secondary market. This is because of cardinal reasons. As the transaction frequency increases, the stock exchange has less time and fewer resources devoted to the primary markets. Secondly, high frequency transactions generate high income to stock exchanges. Therefore, they will naturally put resources in areas that give them more money. Impact to the United Kingdom companies The first impact to the UK companies is reduction in their dandy base. As the stock exchange concentrates in the secondary market, the primary markets experience shortage of skilled personnel who advises them on best ways of ra ising maximum capital for their companies. As a result, most companies may opt for former(a) sources of capital because it is extremely hard to raise capital where there is no passable help. Secondly, most companies take prospicienter time to raise their capital from primary markets. This is because as the stock exchange gets busy with the secondary markets, they will be long queues of companies seeking help. As a result, there will be delays in getting assistance. 2. A company has the following capital structure, and all securities counterd have the alike(p) nominal hurt of ?4.00. 400,000 5% Debenture Stock ?4.00 600,000 2? Preference Stock ?4.00 1,000,000 Ordinary Shares ?4.00 (a) the value of the gearing residue and the significance of this ratio to possible investors Stock Quantity Price /unit in ? Amount capital in ? Debenture 400,000 4 1600000 Preference 600,000 4 2400000 Ordinary Shares 1,000,000 4 4000000 essence Fixed Capital 8000000 Gearing ratio indicates the p roportion of debts used to finance assets in the company. The higher the gearing ratio, the riskier is the company. This is because most of the money used is borrowed from other sources other than ordinary shares. (b) When Directors decided to distribute only forty percent of the profit (?800,000), the dividend declared on ordinary shares is given below. =?320,000 The return on investment (c) a. The price/earnings ratio (c) b. The concept of price/earnings ratio and the significance to future Price/earning ratio measure the value of the stock. This is because it establishes the relationship between the stock price and the companys earnings. When price/earning ratio is high in a given stock, the forecast earning growth is also high. It is a valuable ratio because investors can use to compare values of stock of different companies. Investors normally prefer stocks with higher price/earning ratio because it indicates higher returns. 3. The concept of Right Issues as well as advanta ges and disadvantages to the stockholders Rights issue refers to an alternative means of raising capital whereby, a company issues additional shares or stocks to already existing shareholders in proportion to their shareholding in exchange for cash (Banerjee, 1990). For example, a company may offer rights issue on the basis of one rights issue for every six held by the shareholders. A company does this via seasoned equity offering or primary offering market at a premium or discount. The procedure for rights issue is easy. Once the issues

Thursday, June 20, 2019

Acquisition Team Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Acquisition Team - Research Paper Exampleprimarily, acquirement constitutes a process that functions and bears results based on interdependence and cooperation of respective(a) aspects in the contracting process (Engelbeck, 2002). Furthermore, acquisition police squad is what makes the process of acquisition succeed, based on the set goals. Moreover, formation of the team should reflect aspects of integration, interrelation, cooperation, and collaboration with raise communication networks. Business Opportunity Opportunity Title Z-Full Seepage Blanket Extension, Bolivar Dam, Ohio Solicitation Number W91237-11-B-0006 Agency De set forthment of the Army Office U.S. Army corps of Engineers Office Location USACE District, Huntington URL https//www.fbo.gov/?s=opportunity&mode=form&id=c88569da75a9388b1203f6f44e4a9fc7&tab=core&_cview=0. This is one of the regorges owned by the Department of Army, and solicitation for the project awaits posting of notice for contractors. The project large ly involves contractors initiating an action-plan of placing fill material on the downstream side of the Bolivar Dam in Bolivar, Ohio State. Included in the work to be performed are base contract plus two options. On the part of Base Contract, construction of a portion will take place at downstream seepage blanket, a terrace filter blanket extension, 450 of storm sewer, and tree and brush clearing around the left abutment of the dam (FedBizOpps, N.d). On the part of two options, option (1) will involve construction of remainder of the downstream seepage blanket and 530 of storm sewer. Option (2) will involve construction of the slump abutment seepage blanket (FedBizOpps, N.d). The process of constructing seepage blankets will largely involve borrow material from an on-site borrow area, whereby, the portion of material will be purchased by the contractor from commercial source (FedBizOpps, N.d). Construction to be done will take place on government owned-land, which will be the equ ivalent thing happening for borrow and spoil areas. Research has indicated that there will be need for roads (Haul roads) connecting borrow and spoil areas and subsequently linking them to seepage blankets. The on the whole project is estimated to cost between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000 (FedBizOpps, N.d). The delivery (completion) of the project is estimated will take 635 calendar days after the initial date when authorization of the project offshoot notice is received. Sections of FAR Act will guide some of the operations of the project such that, 25% of total contract performance incurred for personnel should be expended for employees of the prime contractor. Acquisition Team Engelbeck (2002) observes that Acquisition needs to be perceived as the process that connects the needs of customers and overall satisfaction derived by the customers. Further, Acquisition is a process of steps and activities involving identifying requirements (needs), acquisition planning, preparation of t he solicitation, source selection, negotiation, and contract award, performance and closeout (Engelbeck, 2002). Success of acquisition process has been attached to ability to institute acquisition team that is multi-organizational as well as cross-functional in nature. Therefore, given the nature of the above project, the following experts are deemed critical to the success of the acquisition process. Program Manager (PM) The acquisition process only succeeds or fails from efforts, skills, and knowledge of the PM. This is a professional whose shoulders hold the entire work-process of acquisition, and the direction the PM takes will greatly define the success, failure or progress of the project

Wednesday, June 19, 2019

A Critical Examination of the Documentary Hypothesis Essay

A Critical Examination of the Documentary Hypothesis - Essay ExampleThis latter(prenominal) view forms the core of the credentials Hypothesis.The Documentation Hypothesis proposes that the Pentateuch is a composite work consisting of four literary strands. The four strands have been assigned the letters J, E, D, and P each representing a different document or source that was woven into the fabric of the Bible. This set of assumptions is also known as the Graf-Wellhausen theory. According to this view, the letter J stands for the Yahwist (J from the German Jahweh) Narrative, coming from the consummation of the early Jewish monarchy, about 950 B.C. E stands for the Elohist Narrative from the region of the Northern Kingdom dating from about 750 B.C. D is best represented by the book of Deuteronomy and is said to have originated in the Southern Kingdom about 650 B.C. or later. And in the long run, P is the Priestly Document that comes from the period after the fall of Israel in 587 B. C. According to the theory, the Pentateuch reached its current form around the time of Ezra or about 400 B.C. (Closson)The conservative view holds to Mosaic paper and treats the books as a literary unit. This does not mean that Moses did not use other documents to write the books. ... This established the first principle of what is now known as the Documentary Hypothesis, the assumption that different divine names must mean different authors or sources. In 1780 Johann Eichhorn applied the idea of two sources to the rest of Genesis, Exodus, and finally to most of the Pentateuch. He gave up on the belief of Mosaic authorship as well. (Closson) In 1805, Wilhem De Wette argued that none of the Pentateuch was written before David. He established the D document standing for Deuteronomy, which he believed was written as propaganda to support political and religious unification in Jerusalem during the reign of King Josiah around 621 B.C. The P or Priestly Document of the current theory was added by Hermann Hupfeld in 1853. He believed that the E source should be split in two, the later sightly the new P document. The name most associated with the documentary hypothesis is Julius Wellhausen. His publications in the late 1870s argued from a Darwinistic perspective. (Closson)Counter Arguments Against Documentation Hypothesis The following are the defenses against the Documentation Hypothesis. In essence, according to Archer (105-110), the Documentary Hypothesis banished Moses into the illiterate mists of oral tradition. Archer pointed out that in the Hypothesis, the text of the Torah or Pentateuch is used as state but consistently evaded whenever it happens to contradict the Hypothesis itself. Further, sarcastically, according to Archer, the documentarians likewise assume that Hebrew authors differ from any other writers known in the history of writings in that they alone were incapable of using more than one name for God more than one style of writing, no matter wha t the difference in subject matter is

Tuesday, June 18, 2019

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Sarbanes-Oxley second of 2002 - Essay ExampleThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) aims at much pecuniary disclosures by companies to prevent accounting frauds. Due to this act a new sureness, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or PCAOB came into existence. The purpose of this agency is to oversee, regulate, inspect and discipline accounting firms that discharge auditing activities of public companies. SOX act is applicable to all US registered public companies. International companies that are registered with the SEC and the accounting companies that conduct auditing services are also covered in this Act.The Sarbanes-Oxley Act ensures corporate accountability and makes provision for penalties in case of violations. Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act specifies corporate responsibleness for financial disclosures. CEOs and CFOs are made accountable for the veracity of financial disclosures. The Act makes it mandatory to include an internal control enshroud in all financial disclosures of companies. This is to ensure that the management is confident about the reported financial data because of necessary controls in place to verify authenticity of data. Each financial report will also conduct an assessment of the effectiveness of the internal controls to be certified by auditor of the firm. Section 1348 has been added in Chapter 63 of title 18 pertaining to securities fraud. Accordingly, Criminal penalties are enforceable for defrauding investors of the companies by false presentations. Criminal penalties are also enforceable under section 802 for modifying documents.Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is further modified through section 409 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to provide Real Time Issuer Disclosures. Under the provision, any material changes in the financial condition essential be provided by the companies to protect the interests of shareholders or investors. The auditor conducting an audit of

Monday, June 17, 2019

Finance Problems Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Finance Problems - Speech or Presentation ExampleA14. (Stock valuation) Suppose Toyota has nonmaturing (perpetual) favored stock outstanding that pays a $1.00 quarterly dividend and has a required return of 12% APR (3% per quarter). What is the stock worth?By looking at the table and the serving of increases and decreases among the 3 types of bonds, it is apparent that the interest- pose risk is higher for longer versus shorter bonds. The longer ones are more volatile, which signifies the level of risk for the investor. Bond 3 has the highest volatility among the three.Because the payment to be received would only amount to 150, the future value of the investment only amounts to 150. The number of periods is 3.5 years. Because the coupon rate at 1000 face value is 9.5%, the investor receives 95 in interest payments. Therefore, the expected rate of return amounts to -1.34%.If the company can pay the principal in the end of the contract, the future value would amount to 1,000. ther efore the number of years in which interest is paid is 10 years, providing an expected rate of return of 22.42%.In order to compute for the value of the stock, all the dividend payment should be discounted back to the present, as well as the terminal price. Therefore, the dividend in year 2 is discounted using the burial vault rate of 13% for two years. This amounts to 0.78. indeed the terminal price is determined using the dividend growth model, where the dividend in year 3, which has grown by 6% to 1.06, is divided by the difference between the hurdle rate and the growth rate. Thus, the terminal price of the stock is 15.14. But this is the price at year 3. It has to be discounted back to the present using the hurdle rate of 13%. Thus, the present value of the terminal price is 11.86. In order to get the final value, the present value of the dividend should be added to the terminal price which amounts to 12.64. This lead be James valuation.On the other hand, for Bret, the same p rocedure should be utilized. In order to compute for the

Sunday, June 16, 2019

Social media organizations PowerPoint Presentation

Social media organizations - PowerPoint Presentation ExampleIt is my belief that because of this approach, Anne Rice has in fact made steps to become closer to her fans, and pack on her p advance started realizing that there is more to her than a writer.Ms. Rice uses social media daily. If she is unable to post information slightly her latest media appearance, she posts her own opinion about issues that interest her. She also asks her fans questions about the characters in her books, hence increasing awareness about work. By interacting daily with her fans, she has gained new supporters. In Facebook alone, there are around 1 million members of her page. Meanwhile, she has more than 70,000 followers in Twitter. Who knows how many more are part of her mailing list. We do know, however, that Ms. Rice receives numerous invitations for interview as she posts her interview schedules in her Facebook Page and Twitter account. This is because Ms. Rice also enabled visitors to her website t o have immediate access to her secretary who sets up appointments for her.Based on these observations, I merchant ship say that Anne Rice can sustain her position as one of the most awarded writers today, thanks to her use of social media. She was already a household recognize in the past, but because of her active involvement in social media, more teenagers are becoming aware of her work and she is receiving support from almost all age

Saturday, June 15, 2019

Personal Accomplishments Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Personal Accomplishments - Scholarship Essay Exampleand with this talent, I have been able to achieve m all awards some(prenominal) in the track and orbital cavity events to extend of becoming the most valuable player in some games. The same hard work was even prolonged in class work by achieving academic awards.This is the reason as to why I am applying for a scholarship. Your organization has a good somebodyality in offering talents to young people with opportunities for financial assistance to further their skills and areas of strength. This always enables people to uncover any untold dreams in any field they intend to join. I at this moment share the vision of your organization that entails working towards a more equitable and just world by eliminating any impunity. I have demonstrated this talent in my volunteer service as a tourist guide by introducing the beauty of Yilan County to tourists. I did the descent without fear nor favor for a period of one month of between June 14th and July 14th.With your help, therefore, I will be able to hone my instincts that are inhering and be able to inherent the skills I wish to gain. I believe I will become a better and the most persuasive person in my field of interest by acquiring the ethics needed there in. I at this moment appreciate the gratitude of the organization committee for allowing me conjure my application as I look forward to their

Friday, June 14, 2019

How the social resposibilities of ship management business managershas Essay

How the social resposibilities of ship management business managershas changed - Essay ExampleTheir products must be in effect(p) to use and the environment to which the workers operate should as well be protective.The ship business management managers have also deviated from that social responsibility embodied by the uprightness to that relates to the peoples customs and traditions at large with the sole purpose of providing/doing what the people need. Additionally, the business is now recognizing and appreciating peoples human rights in interacting with the community.a) The EmployeesEmployees puddle a major part of the corporation stakeholders. Unfortunately, this group is rarely looked into when it cares to awarding of benefits, salary increment as a whole. But the ship management business managers have started showing some form of social responsibility towards its employees in the following manner. (Davis and Blomstrom, 1975)a) Fair recruitment & selection act - The busines s managers have started hiring its workforce based on merit, traits exhibited during interviews etc. exclusively the candidates are subjected to similar interviewing environments with the interviewer asking almost similar questions. There have been changes from embarrassing questions to fair questions seriousness to friendliness general appearance to merit subjectivity to objectivity. 2b) Improved conflict management criteria - The managers have moved from competition/ influential command of conflict management to accommodating/smoothing style of managing conflicts. Competition/authoritative command is where managers used to be in co-operative but assertive. They used to work against the wishes of the employees, fight to dominate and force things to a favourable conclusion through the exercise of authority or power. The managers therefore achieved... They have a care with regard to ethics and moral responsibilities. The ship management business have moved from the handed-down re sponsibilities of maximizing profits by reducing costs unethically and maximizing their revenues is more people oriented goals.Political systems greatly affect firms operations. The unseasoned part provide have to cope with government strategies or development plans. Expansions of the new post development may be met with stiff resistance of the local authorities on grounds of different government plans on such expansion areas. In some nations, government set out certain rules and regulations regarding the health and safety of the working(a) environment and the part development will have to adjust accordingly. (Griffin and Mahon, 1997)Influence the operations of the new part development.The interest rates in the economy keep on fluctuating and the new part development must adjust accordingly to this. It also has to adhere to the labour laws that exist in that business industry. The economical situations also influence consumer buying behaviour and their bargaining power. The part development will have to re-adjust more during periods of recession than boom periods. In conclusion it is important for the new part development to understand the external environment to which it operates and adjust accordingly because this might have an effect on its resultant profits.

Thursday, June 13, 2019

Policy memo for a health policy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Policy memo for a health policy - Research Paper ExampleThis followed the cumulative AIDs cases that had doubled to 51,000 from 25,000 by the form 1992 (Simao 3).The main mode of transmission was identified as being conjure upual intercourse which contributed to more than 97 percent of the total cases. The age group that was in the main affected was the ages between 25 and 35. The male IDU as well as the MSM populations were identified as the ones to be at most risk with the incidence rank being placed at 15 times more than the nations general population. At the same time, the infection rates were also observe to be sky rocketing and this was mostly observed among unretentive people and women in small towns. This alarming situation left the AIDs officials to refer to the AIDS trends in Brazil as being ruralisation, pauperization and feminization.Measures had to be put in place to combat the disease progress in Brazil. The earliest and most battleful response were witnessed in the cooperation between civil society and government and grounded with respect to human rights. This made the issue being viewed as being an international success. It go forth be remembered that Brazil became the first developing country in 1996 to come out publicly and offer financed antiretroviral treatment to its citizens living with HIV/AIDs. By the family 2000, the HIV epidemic in Brazil had stabilized and the figures were compared to those in Western Europe and the United States with the highest rates of infection being witnessed among the high-risk groups like sex workers, gay men and injection drug users (Simao 7).However, the country still faced a number of challenges as in 2009, new AIDs cases were seen to enlarges among gay men, poor women and young people in smaller cities where civil society advocacy and health system were weakest. In addition to this, infection rates were observed to increase in towns and cities were the HIV/AIDs programs were

Wednesday, June 12, 2019

Publishing on the Internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Publishing on the Internet - Essay ExampleIn the past, updating data on the internet was not a simple task. In order to change the contents of any website, the basic HTML codes had to be modified and the access to the content of the website was also for a limited number of users. provided in the present, due to the developments in the technology, modification of the contents of a website has become much easier. Anyone can update a website by posting blogs, comments or articles. Media communion has become easier today therefore it has become much easier to publish on the internet. Nowadays, websites like Twitter have brought the whole world online. An event occurs and the next thing we know is that the data is updated on Twitter or any other micro blogging website by some eye witness. Such is the speed at which the information flows due to the presence of internet. Due to the growth in the number of users of internet, judicatures have been considering diverting their investment i n marketing from traditional marketing techniques to marketing finished internet. Internet has become the core platform for the information industry. Therefore the organizations have been investing in issue on the internet for the purpose of marketing (Harris, 2000). merchandising strategies include familiarizing the target market with the products or services of an organization through publishing on the internet. ... Publishing on the internet can be done for a number of purposes. People can share their thoughts and ideas by publishing on the internet, or they can conduct internet publishing commercially in order to attract specific users. Organizations can use publishing on the internet as a marketing tool. The main use of publishing on the internet made by the organizations is that of marketing. Internet marketing has grown extensively in the recent past and it has become a billion dollar sign industry. Organizations have been investing in internet marketing because it provide s very high returns on surprisingly low investment and that too in a bunco period of time (Turban et al 2002). There are a number of ways by which information can be published on the internet. around of the possible ways that would be evaluated in this paper are a web site, a blog, a social networking website and Microsoft Office Publisher. These means can be used either individually or a combination of one or more of such means can be used in order to achieve the optimum results. PUBLISHING ON A WEBSITE A website has been the primary mean of communicating with the targeted audience. Nowadays, a seam is considered to be non-existent if it does not hang on a website. A website is the primary source of information regarding an organization and its business objectives. An organization uses its website to provide its targeted market with the information regarding the organizations products or services. The website represents the organization therefore an organization tries to design its website in a more and more innovative manner. Having web presence has become extremely essential for all the organizations and business (University of Florida). Certain information must be published by all the organization

Tuesday, June 11, 2019

The Aquarian Gospel of Jesus the Christ by levi h. dowling Essay

The Aquarian Gospel of deliveryman the Christ by levi h. dowling - Essay ExampleJesus teachings were a product of a long education process which was not simply handed down from heaven. I learned of Mary and Elizabeths study of the laws and other apparitional doctrines in the first few chapters of the Aquarian Gospel which is inspiring. It states of Mary, (the wo human beings who have been prophesied to be the mother of Jesus) studying not just the sacred books of Jewish law, but of Buddhism, Persian religion, the prominent Tao and its philosophy. Moreover, it narrates Mary? participation in Jesus early education, which was not mentioned at all in the widely accepted bible. It showed Jesus as an ordinary man who has to find his way to attain oneness with God. What are your initial intuitive thoughts about the reading? At first, I find the book very challenging and questions its authenticity, especially it was explained in the foreword that the book was taken from Akashic Records w hich denotes a collection of mystical knowledge encoded in a non-physical plane of existence (Dowling), therefore it does not have material basis unlike the books in the Bible which has been transcribed from Dead Sea scrolls dugged up from archaeological research. But as I go through reading, it no longer matter whether its content did materially exist, but I was impressed to learn that Jesus subjected his own idea and beliefs in colloquy with different sages and priests of different faith and religious tradition, in different parts of the world. Has it influenced your thinking? Yes. I realized people like us need not busy ourselves looking for the true church. For in the end, our oneness with God will not come from our adherence with a certain denomination or religious tradition. True church will emanate from each one of us, as a consequence of our sincere love and respect for each of Gods creation. This is the very same unending process that Jesus undertakes, while he was here on Earth. Jesus is the LIGHT. Did the reading contradict your previous ways of thinking, upbringing, pagan background etc. How? In some ways it contradicted to my age long beliefs and knowledge on Christianity but at the same time it enriches my faith. I grew up with a dominantly prevailing patriarchal view that God is male. Jesus reference to the Holy Breath as feminine is an antithesis to it. Moreover, it impresses that Christ death on the regulate is not equivalent to the redemption of humanity from sin which we simply need to swear in it to attain salvation as I was made to believe in. Each of us has to work for our redemption and that Jesus Christ is the LIGHT that showed us the way towards oneness with God. Jesus human side than divine which is more than precisely presented in this book, gives me a deeper sense of hope for ordinary carnal and mortal man and woman like me ,that it is indeed possible to model our spiritedness accordingly to Jesus. Did you feel it was worthwhi le reading? Very much, its a very enlightening and inspiring book. Aquarian Gospel is revolutionary in our time of ample divide, where majority of people in the world are wallowing in poverty and a few elites are enjoying the earths resources. It is worthy to be reminded that Jesus communed among the sudras, the lowest among the Hindu caste, the outcast and preached the liberation to the sick, blind and the poor and criticized the hypocrisy of high priests, teachers of law, Brahms, Pharisees and scribes. Jesus taking

Monday, June 10, 2019

Argument For and Against Banning Smoking in Public Places Essay

Argument For and Against Banning Smoking in Public Places - Essay ExampleAs the essay highlights there is no one who is against someone world allowed to smoke. However, there is an issue that affects those around the smoker. Arguments are cited in favor of banning smoking in public places as can be seen forthwith.This paper discusses that the archetypal reason is that the answering secondhand smoking is harmful to the health of people. The first argument has used examples which may not be necessarily accurate. This is use of fallacy to reenforcement an argument. It has assumed use of citation from reliable sources. The second reason is that secondhand smoking is more harmful to the health of children. The fallacy prominent example is a petition to authority that is unknown. There is no source of argument in the examples. There should be a valid and reliable assumption. The other reason is that in spite of having a smoking area, smoke spreads all over other places. In this reason, there is the use of analogy that is strange- the example of food coloring. The fallacy utilise is the assumption in an analogy that is not correct. The other reason factors other negative effects like the smell of the smoke. There is the fallacy of quick inductance at this point. This is in the example of the clothes holding bad smell. It is assumed that when going out to several places smoke is the only thing not veritable by individuals. Smoking in public places exposes the environment into a dangerous situation. There is the fallacy of begging the question and assumption that fire can result from cigarette butts.

Sunday, June 9, 2019

Dctionary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dctionary - Essay ExampleOne of the more distinguishing features of the vocalise flourish as entered in both dictionaries, Encarta Concise English Dictionary 2001 and The Chambers Dictionary 1998 is the phonetic system used as a pronunciation guide. Encarta employs its own phonetic alphabet, as the pronunciation is clearly not comparable to the International Phonetic Alphabet symbols. The same could be said about the entry of the pronunciation of the enounce flourish in the Chambers Dictionary. Both pronunciation symbols incorporated the accent sign found above the second syllable of the word.In the vocabulary section, both dictionaries enter the word formerly in bold fonts except that Encarta enters short definitions of the word in bold face provided with numbering but separated according to parts of speech, and for this entry, Encarta begins with the meaning of the word flourish as a verb which is numbered one to three, followed by five noun definitions, numbered one to five. Ch ambers dictionary also separated the definitions according to parts of speech, which include the word as a verb and then, noun but added an adjective definition as additional grammatical information.

Saturday, June 8, 2019

Formats of Income Statement and Balance Sheet Essay Example for Free

Formats of Income Statement and Balance Sheet EssayIncome statement In the case of furbish up proprietary and partnership concerns there be no prescribed forms of the income statement and balance shroud. Their preparation is also desirable but not compulsory. However, they are in general prepared. In the case of trading concern, a trading enumerate and in the case of a manufacturing concern, a manufacturing account and a trading account stand also be prepared. In such a case, the account heading is mentioned as follows Manufacturing/trading and profit and prejudice account. In the case of joint filiation companies preparation of the profit and loss account and balance sheet every year is compulsory. There is no prescribed form (except in the case of banking and restitution companies) of the income statement or profit and loss account. The account is titled as Profit and loss account The results of manufacturing and trading activities may however, be shown separately in t he account. The profit and loss account is usually prepared in a T shape. In the case of joint stock club, the manufacturing, trading and profit and loss account is prepared in the above format except with three modificationsI.The heading given is only Profit and loss account for taxation in the profit and loss account II.The net profit is shown after making provisions for taxation in the profit and loss account III.Figures, for the previous period, if any, live also to be given. Profit and loss appropriation account In the case of joint stock companies, a profit and loss appropriation account is also prepared. It explains as to how the profit earned during the period has been distributed. Balance sheet There is no prescribed form of balance sheet for a fix proprietary or a partnership concern. However, the assets and liabilities may be shown in any of the following ordersI.Liquidity orderII.Permanency Order In case the concern adopts runniness order, the assets which are more r eadily convertible into cash are taken into account initially and those which are not so readily convertible are taken into account subsequently. Similarly those liabilities which are payable first are taken into account initially and those payable later on are taken into account subsequently and so on. In the case of permanency order, the reverse order is followed. As per the law applicable to some governments, every balance sheet of a company shall give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company as at the end of the financial year. Similarly, every profit and loss account of a company shall give a true and fair view of the profit or loss account of the company for the financial year.

Friday, June 7, 2019

Macroeconomics Assignment Essay Example for Free

Macroeconomics Assignment EssayCurrent economic conditions in the U. S an all around the world are emanation to alarming situations, with the dilemma being common that whether its inflation or recession, which is hampering the economy badly. The fluidness issues are affecting the U. S economy badly, the capital supply is wither although the Federal Reserve is pursuing an accommodative monetary policy, but due to its lesser control and the dynamism of the U. S economy, this policy seems to have a very low effect on the liquidity situation in the overall economy. After a rise in the money supply for few months the money supply has been contracting since then, the M2 component of the money supply, which consists of cash, consumer deposits and checking has been shrinking. While M3 which consists of the above, plus the large time deposits and other items is also changing its direction towards a lower end. The realize depicts the trends of the money supply and how it has dipped g radually. Figure 1 Annual U. S. Money come forth GrowthSource Shadow Government Statistics, 2009 This condition can resultant role into the weakening of economic activity and pulling out money from stocks. Recently the downfall in the consumer spending and the lowering of the stock prices is the sign of scorched liquidity in the economy (Kellner, 2003). In this current situation of economic dilemma, the current economic conditions demands active measures from the new president and the U. S congress to overcome the hazards created by the weakening economy.Government should try to push more liquidity into the market the FED should try to increase the money supply through lowering the sake rate, pushing more money into the economy by funding the companies and the corporations that can create more stability in the economy. The government should try to create more jobs into the economy by pushing their spending this will surely create more consumers spending and thus providing a groun d to combat recession in the economy. These economic measures are the need of the time and they will certainly have their effects on the economy.Thus, by acting proactively on these strategies the government can tardily face all the difficult circumstances. References Kellner, I. (2003, November). Where has all the money gone?Retrieved Feburary 10, 2009, from Market Watch http//www. marketwatch. com/News/Story/Story. aspx? guid=%7BF1B1B20B-EBDE-435F-8349-A19E26DBB945%7Dsiteid=mktwdist=nwhpm Figures Figure 1 Annual U. S. Money Supply Growth Shadow Government Statistics. (2009). Annual U. S. Money Supply Growth. Retrieved Feburary 10, 2009 from http//www. shadowstats. com/charts_republishm3

Thursday, June 6, 2019

Choose three significant scenes during the course of Romeo Essay Example for Free

Choose three significant scenes during the course of Romeo EssayJuliets character is dramatically portrayed in this gather. The two main characters, Juliet Capulet and Romeo Montague both change and mature over the progress of the contribute but Juliet changes from what could be seen as daughter to woman in middling under a week. There is a definite difference in her personality from the meeting of Romeo to her marriage to him. As the play progresses, we see Juliet maturing and developing into an free-lance young woman, which is quite different from the beginning of the play when Juliet never thought of marriage or of defying her parents and family. In panorama 1 Act 3 Juliet enters the play alongside Lady Capulet and the concord, who approach her to disgorge about a forthcoming marriage that Lady Capulet and her husband entertain planned. They want her to marry Paris at the age of thirteen, however with Juliet universe so young and unsure of herself, and of what marria ge entails, she does non really have anything to say on the issue. Before they start to mouth about this subject, the Nurse and Lady Capulet talk about Juliets age, and Shakespeare seems to make sure that the point she is only thirteen stand out among all other things in order to show her vulnerability and her youthfulness to the audience.The Nurse talks about when Juliet was only a baby and the Nurse was in that respect as a ladened nurse to Juliet. She reminisces about Juliet being the prettiest babe that eer I nursed (Line 60), after which the nurse gives a long speech that is full of sexual innuendos which Juliet does not understand. This shows the inadequacy of maturity and the vulnerability that Juliet has, because if she does not understand the jokes, then she may not understand other more important things that are said to her.However depending on the director who is directing the performance, a performance may make Juliet understand the whole speech and laugh at the jok es or the opposite may be shown in her not listening to the Nurse. If the Nurse directs her speech solely at Lady Capulet it would erst more show the youthfulness and naivety of Juliet. When Lady Capulet finally clings to talk to Juliet about the topic of marriage Juliet does not seem to understand what she is core by it. She has never thought of marriage nor does she wish to for a succession.Lady Capulet attempts to get Juliet to await at marriage and describes her own past, telling her that she was already expecting her at the age Juliet is now. Juliet replies Ill look to like, if looking liking move. (Line 97 98). This again shows her immaturity to marriage as she thinks that marriage can happen only if she wants it to and that she can choose when she wants to love someone. In Act 2 Scene 2, Romeo and Juliet are sufficient to talk in private without any distractions. This is a big scene for Juliets character development because she finally meets some one that she thinks s he loves and it shows her as not being the naive child that she was but now growing towards being a mature woman. However, she despairs about the dispute between the Capulet and Montague family households as she asks herself wherefore are thou Romeo? (Line 33) meaning Why are you called Romeo? She talks about how it would be if he were not called Romeo so that everything would be alright and she would be allowed to love him, but because he is differentiate of the Montague household, then she cannot. This again shows some maturity because she understands the point as to why she should not love him.Once Romeo actually comes out and shows himself to Juliet, she is concerned for his safety. Normally if a member of a household from Montague was to invade the Capulet home then Juliet would cry out but because she feels love for him in the short amount of time they have been together, then she does not. Juliet feels a new type of love that she has not felt before, showing her progressio n into adolescence. Juliet admits embarrassment about talking of her love to Romeo. She pleads with Romeo and asks him if he loves her and wants an downright answer.No innocent young girl would ask a man if he loved her, showing again the maturity that Juliet has been given by Shakespeare in the very short amount of time in that evening. This scene shows the progress of Juliets maturity again as she is talking to Romeo and discussing their love affair which is actually require and would be seen to be wrong by her parents. This is showing evidence of the beginnings of rebellion and individualism from her as she normally would have followed the rules of her parents, but now she is doing things behind their back.Scene 3 Act 5 deals with many aspects showing Juliets capacity for becoming a young woman. She has to make many difficult choices in this scene and there is no one around that she can turn to and look to for help. She has just spent the night with Romeo in her bedroom and wa rns him that he must leave, otherwise there is the risk of him being caught. However the Nurse comes in warning Juliet that her mother is coming. She must now get Romeo to leave her room so that he isnt prove by her mother. However they seem to not be able to part from each other, showing their affection and love for each other.When Lady Capulet enters the room, Juliet feels uncomfortable with her posture there and would rather she left. She says Madam, I am not well. (Line 78) to try to get rid of her but it does not work. Juliet has again to lie to her mother when she says Indeed I never shall be satisfied with Romeo, till I behold him Dead. (Line 93 94). Of course this is not true, but to protect the secret of her relationship to Romeo, she cannot give locomote to any suspicions in Lady Capulet, even if this elbow room asking her to kill him.Her increasingly adult emotions lead her to protecting Romeo at all costs, even if it means deceiving her mother. Lady Capulet came to talk to Juliet about her getting married the very next day. Juliet was not well-chosen and did not want to get married to Paris as she is already married to Romeo, however neither Lady Capulet nor her husband knows this. Juliet protests and refuses to marry him, however Lady Capulet tells her that she must take it up with her father. When Capulet enters the room he is happy and cheerful, however this is soon to change after he has talked to Juliet.Juliet must build up the courage that she would not have been able to do earlier on in her life, to tell her father that she does not want to marry Paris. She has to explain to him that she is thankful that he has tried to make her marriage perfect but without loose away the hint that she is already involved with someone else. She has to suffer the many insults that Capulet throws at her and almost be physically assaulted by him, as he says My fingers itch. (Line 164).The Nurse and Lady Capulet try to help her at first but nothing is accomplished and finally, when Capulet leaves, Juliet is feeling at her lowest point. She turns to her Mother for support but she just now says Talk not to me, for Ill not speak a word. Do as thou wilt, for I have done with thee. Juliet then turns to her trade good wiz the Nurse, however again the Nurse provide not help and support her. The Nurse explains to Juliet that Romeo is an impossible match and maybe it is not such a good idea to stay with him.She tells her that Paris is a good man and worthy of her love. This makes Juliet feel as though she is just a little girl again as she is being told what she must do and that her opinion is not needed. However Juliet is not about to be kept at this level, so she tells the audience that she will go to the Friar and seek help there, but if that fails, then she always has the power to die. Just saying this shows an immense emotional development by Juliet. No little girl would say the things that she has says, which proves to us that she is no little girl anymore.She is turning into a woman and her parents are helping her even when they are cheering at her, because it gives her more strength to stand up to them later on. Act 4 Scene 3 is one of the most important scenes in the play and here, Shakespeare portrays the character of Juliet as maturing to an even higher level and shows her growing from adolescence to womanhood, and also shows the highs and lows of her emotions. This scene shows her ready to take the potion that she has just been given by the Friar, even while not knowing exactly what it may do to her.She does not know if it is actually poison or what the side effects may be, as she wonders, What if it be a poison which the friar Subtly hath ministered to have me dead, Lest in this marriage he should be dishonoured, Because he married me before to Romeo? (Line 24-27). Juliet is unsure of whether or not to trust the Friar, showing us that the innocence of her younger self has been replaced by a more c ynical distrust of other peoples motives. Her thoughts become very unwholesome and she starts to imagine the terror of waking up, trapped in the vault with her dead ancestors.She drinks the potion, calling out Romeo Romeo Romeo I drink to thee. (Line 58). Her willingness to take this huge risk shows how direful she is to be with Romeo and how she cannot bear the thought of being forced to marry Paris, emphasising her true, fully developed, adult love for Romeo. In this play of Shakespeares, Juliet has turned from a young girl who was not able to make up her own mind about important issues and who was dependent on her family, into a fully developed woman who could look after herself, lie when she had to and was emotionally independent.At the beginning of the play, she had no idea what was really meant by marriage or what love really was. But once she met Romeo, she started to change and mature, and would even deceive her own family in order to protect the love between herself and Romeo. Juliet chose her love of Romeo over everything else, even when it led to their tragic deaths. Her words, behaviours and responses end-to-end the play, show her development from innocence and naivety through to full maturity as the play reaches its tragic conclusion.

Wednesday, June 5, 2019

Marketing Strategies Of Tomato Farmers

merchandising Strategies Of Tomato FarmersHe got the Teachers Certificate at Mount Mary Training College So numerousa in 1998. He successfully take in a Diploma in French Studies Diplome Universitaire dEtudes Franaises DUEF at, University of Abomey Calavi, Bnin in 2007. He further studied at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi and attained B.A. (Honours), French and Sociology and accessible Work in 2008. He enrolled again in the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Business School and studied Master of Business Administration (MBA) Marketing 2011.He has taught in many schools including Botokrom D/C JSS, Grace D/C JSS twain in the Brong Ahafo Region, Infant Jesus at Ayeduase, Kumasi. He served as a Research and Teaching Assistant in the Department of Modern Languages of KNUST. He is currently teaching French and English at Jachie Pramso SHS.Keywords Marketing strategies, Tomato farmers, Liberalized rescue. crochetThis study was conducted in connection with the Master of Business Administration (MBA) dissertation at Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology-Kumasi, gold coast.Purpose In the mist of intense trade rest and globalization when local anestheticization and protectionist policies atomic number 18 discouraged, this study sought to find out the role of formal trade strategies and technology in sustaining increased lucrativeness of love apple farmers in Ghana.Methodology/Approach Empirical research was conducted by collecting both primary and secondary information from a sample of 450 tomato farmers, traders and tomato factory personnel. The data from tomato farmers, traders and the tomato factory were accessed through questionnaires and an in-depth wonder.Findings prescribed commercialiseing strategies and technology are complemental factors in the determination of the profitability take of tomato farmers. Farmers who intimately combine formal marting strategies with tec hnology are successful. Technology without formal market strategies or the vice versa electronegatively collide with tomato farmers profitability. Tomato farmers should adopt formal selling strategies and apply the latest technology.IntroductionThere is a plethora of literature on marketing strategies that accentuates the imperativeness of marketing functions in organizations. As a result, marketing practices of Small and Medium-sized Enterprise (SMEs), Large and Multinational Companies as well as Not-for-profit Organizations subscribe interested researchers in our modern era. In recent years there take a crap been signs of substantial research interest in marketing practices of SMEs (Sengupta, 2006). Most of these studies have indicated the role of marketing to be critical in the sustainability of the small firms (Sengupta, 2006).Marketing strategies are extremely vital to organisations corporate goals of achieving mettlesome revenue. Given that a firms survival depends on i ts capacity to d cutting mensurate, and tax is defined by customers (Day, 1990), marketing makes a fundamental contribution to long-term business success. However, businesses that concern themselves with rigorous evaluation of marketing results are in the minority (Ambler, 2000).Researchers widely agree that marketing in small firms differ from that of their larger counterparts (Fillis, 2002 Gilto a greater extent et al., 2001 Hill, 2001a Coviello et al., 2000). Small firm marketing has been characterised as haphazard, informal, loose, unstructured, spontaneous, reactive, as well as conforming to industry norms (Gilmore et al., 2001). Stokes (2000) conveys that in small firms, marketing is used for the needs of the moment and only little attention is paid to plans, strategies and analysis.However, this is in contrast of marketing in large firms, which is seen as formal, planned and well structured. One reason for this difference is that small firms have certain limitations. Comp ared to their larger counterparts, small enterprises have restrain resources related to finance, duration and marketing knowledge (Gilmore et al., 2001). Consequently, complex theories and sophisticated processes seem to be inappropriate in small enterprises (Hogarth-Scott et al., 1996).Despite the differences, it has been noted that the basic marketing concepts, such as segmentation, customer orientation, targeting, positioning and seeking for competitive advantage apply to small as well as to large enterprises (Hogarth-Scott et al., 1996). match to Rolle (2006), in the light of the incidence of huge put forward harvest losses in Africa and new challenges faced downstairs trade liberalization and globalization, serious efforts are unavoidable to reduce post harvest losses, especially of fruits and vegetables. This would include linking trading operations and actors involved more closely and systematically, modernizing marketing infrastructure and technologies, capacity pudd leing of separate actors, and change the policy or institutional settings for better marketing.Obviously, post harvest wariness determines food quality and safety, competitiveness in the market, and the profits earned by manufacturing businesss. The post harvest care of fruits and vegetables in most generateing countries in the sub-region is however, far from satisfactory. The major constraints include inefficient handling and transportation poor technologies for storage, touch on, and packaging intimacy of too many diverse actors and poor infrastructure (Rolle, 2006).DefinitionMost scholars on the theme of marketing strategy attempt defining it with broad comprehend concepts and statements. Baker (1978) considers it as being a broad way of achieving effrontery aims. While Luck and Ferrell (1979) simply define it as being fundamental means and schemes. Kotler (1976) thinks it is the grand design to achieve objectives. Some of the definitions of marketing strategy by some s cholars are based on marketing concepts such as the marketing mix, the harvest-festival life cycle, market share and competition and positioning. Foxall (1981) defines marketing strategy as being an indication of how each element of the marketing mix bequeath be used to achieve the marketing objectives. Chang and Campo-Flores (1980) proposed product strategy, the distribution strategy, sales promotion strategy and pricing strategy. While Jain (1981) agrees with them, Udell (1968) simplifies marketing strategy as price and non-price strategies. Kotler (1965) and Baker (1978) outline that the marketing strategy for a particular product needs should be modified as the product moves through the divers(a) stages of its PLC. Bloom and Kotler (1975) explain the issues involved in marketing strategy to be linked to the market share base. They suggest that a company can secernate its optimal market share given a particular set of conditions. Once identified, it needs a strategy to achiev e the optimum. In line with Buzzell, Gale and grand Turk (1979), they agree that a company can choose to build, maintain or even reduce market share ersatzly labelled as building, safekeeping and harvesting. Another approach from the literature in the explanation of marketing strategy is the utilisation of the concept of positioning. Wind and Claycamp (1976) explain a products position as its general situation in the market relative to its sales, market share and profitability. Positioning is the selection of a marketing from a range of alternatives (Cravens, 1975 ).Segmentation as a Marketing outlineSome researchers consider skilful segmentation as marketing strategies and as such convince marketers to apply them. The goal is to find some(prenominal) homogeneous groups that differ maximally across one another. They suggest segmentation options and techniques. Dickson and Ginter (1987) convincingly argue that the demand functions should be the theoretical basis for segment def inition. They add that other bases for identifying or defining segments will be useful only to the extent that they correspond empirically to these demand functions and lead to identification of the true market segments. Thus, the choice of segmentation variables and the relationship of these variables to the differences in demand functions determine how successfully distinct segments are found.Relationship Marketing as a Marketing schemaGrnroos (1983 and 1980) develops the customer relationship life-cycle model, originally called the marketing circle, to cover the long-term nature of the establishment and evolution of the relationship between a firm and its customers. According to Grnroos (1989 and1990), to establish, maintain, and rear relationships with customers and other partners at a profit, so that the objectives of the parties involved are met is relationship marketing. This is achieved by a mutual exchange and fulfilment of promises. Such relationships are usually but no t necessarily always long-term. Establishing a relationship, for example with a customer, can be divided into two parts to attract the customer and to build the relationship with that customer so that the economic goals of that relationship are achieved.Berry and Parasuraman (1991) propose that Relationship marketing concerns attracting, developing, and retaining customer relationships. Gummesson (1994) proposes that Relationship marketing (RM) is marketing seen as relationships, networks, and interaction. Sheth (1994) defines relationship marketing as The understanding, explanation, and management of the ongoing collaborative business relationship between suppliers and customers. Sheth and Parvatiyar (1995) view relationship marketing as Attempts to involve and immix customers, suppliers, and other infrastructural partners into a firms developmental and marketing activities. An integral element of the relationship marketing approach is the promise concept which has been strongly e mphasized by Calonius (1988). According to him, the responsibilities of marketing do not only, or predominantly, include giving promises and thus persuading customers as passive counterparts in the marketplace to act in a given way. A firm that is preoccupied with giving promises may attract new customers and initially build relationships. However, if promises are not kept, the evolving relationship cannot be maintained and enhanced. Fulfilling promises that have been given is equally writeant as a means of achieving customer satisfaction, retention of the customer base, and long-term profitability.However, some of the scholars have a different stead of marketing strategy extending its boundaries to affect departments and units of the business. For instance, marketing strategy is viewed as a mechanism that not only guides the SBU in its relationships with its environment, but also influences and shapes its internal structures, processes, and operations (Hambrick, 1980 Miles and Sn ow, 1978). The Business Dictionary defines marketing strategy as a written plan (usually a part of the overall corporate plan) which combines product development, promotion, distribution, and pricing approach, identifies the firms marketing goals, and explains how they will be achieved within a stated timeframe.Various articles analyze marketing strategies of organisations (e.g. Shaw and Wong 1996 McBurnie and Clutterbuck 1987 Hooley and Lynch 1985 Lai et al. 1992 Siu 2000 and Siu and Liu 2005). Nonetheless, the majority of research concentrates on large firms and few on farmers especially tomato farmers. There are some pertinent questions that need further research. Our investigation sets out to analyze the marketing strategies of tomato farmers in the liberalized economy of Ghana.The specific objectives of study of our study are toassess the marketing strategies of tomato farmersestablish the viability of the tomato farmingevaluate the usurpation of technology on profitability in tomato farming.The research also attempts to seek answers to the following questions.What marketing strategies are pursued by tomato farmers?How viable and is tomato farming?What is the impact of technology on profitability in tomato farming?The article is grouped into four main parts. The first part contains introduction including background of the study, the hassle statement, objectives of the study and research questions. The relevant literature review and hypotheses are shown in the next section. Method adopted for the study, data and hypotheses testing are found in the third portion of the article. The last segment of the article covers findings, conclusions, and implications for business marketing practice.Literature and hypothesisLeast successfulMost successfulFormal Marketing strategies without technologyFormal Marketing strategies with technologyInformal marketing strategies and lack of TechnologyTechnology without formal marketing strategiesLeast successfulFigure 1 Conc eptual framework marketing strategy and technology diamondFigure 1 above describes a model of marketing skills with technology being complementary variables for the success of marketing tomatoes. Thus,H1 Formal Marketing strategies with technology will positively affect tomato farmers profitability.H2 Technology without formal marketing strategies will negatively affect tomato farmers profitability.H3 Informal marketing strategies (head vending, free market display vocal announcement etc.) and lack of Technology will negatively affect tomato farmers profitability.H4 Formal Marketing strategies without technology will negatively affect tomato farmers profitability.In part as a consequence of structural adjustment, import quotas in Ghana were abolished in 1992 and tariffs for trade agricultural produce have been reduced to 20 percent. As a result, tomato facing pages imports into Ghana amounted to over 78,000 dozens of feast per year of which 12,000 tons were exported after they were repackaged. This suggests domestic tomato paste consumption in Ghana of around 66,000 tons in 2007. Available figures indicate that from 1991 to 2002 the amount of imported tomato paste rose from 3,600 tonnes to 24,077 tonnes. In addition the value of tomato paste imports also rose from US$5.3 one million million to US$17.5 million over the same period (Meenakshi, 2006). (Trusty Foods Limited) TFL has alleged that importers use under-invoicing to compete in the Ghanaian tomato paste market and this enables them to command a larger market share. Available evidence suggests that so dramatic has this rise been that Ghana currently ranks second as a destination for imported tomato paste (Meenakshi, 2006). The import surge has been such that trigger volumes were breached in 2000 and 2002. Major exporters of tomato paste to Ghana from 1999 to 2003 have been Italy (36%), China (16%), USA (8%), Spain (7%), Turkey (7%), Greece (6%), Portugal (5%) and Chile (5%). The quantity of import ed tomato paste rose from 3,209 tonnes in 1998 to 24,077 tonnes in 2002. As a result, the potential growth of the domestic tomato sector has been hampered.Elizabeth and Shashi (2010) however think the local industry cannot satisfy the demand for tomatoes. At current market prices for tomato, domestically produced paste typically will not be competitive with imported paste from the EU and China (Elizabeth and Shashi 2010). They find out that Ghana has neither sufficient supply of honeyed tomatoes, nor sufficient processing capacity even if employment of fresh tomato increased, to supply the market at current demand. Ghana has a total processing capacity of 1200 tons of fresh tomato per day (500 tons at Trusty Foods and Northern corpus, and 200 tons at Afrique Link Ltd in Wenchi). They conclude that Ghana would not be able to produce topically all the tomato paste that is currently imported for domestic consumption, using the three existing large processors.Boateng (2011) finds tha t Ghanas tomato industry has expressed concern about developments in the import of tomatoes and tomato paste. The National Tomato Traders Association (NTTA) has alleged tomato imports from neighbouring Burkina Faso in particular pose a threat to their livelihoods.Morris and Brady (2004) found that many small farmers, increasing profitability may result from the development of non-traditional agricultural enterprises, non-traditional crops, markets, and/or adding value to products may be the key in todays agriculture. Thus the production of different crops, and/or improving some foods, from simply marketing them raw to preparing them in different forms, and therefore adding value to them, appears to be a promising alternative for many growers. In the agricultural sector adding value can contribute to farmers maximisation of their produce, both in quantitative as well as in qualitative terms, while at the same time they benefit commercially.Not agreeing entirely with earlier research ers, Born and Bachmann (2006), realise that adding value to farm produce, while not a panacea to cure existing food-related challenges, can provide some relief, either straight or indirectly to many farmers. In commercial terms, adding value can take place at farmers markets, where farm operators can avoid middlemen and maximise their sales (Kirwan, 2004 and Abel et al., 1999). In this imagine, Brunori and Rossi (2000,) found that in some communities, selling directly to consumers allows farmers to employ more family labour and increase the value-added on the farm. Along these lines, Born and Bachmann (2006) indicate that there has been a tremendous growth in adding value to raw agricultural products, and that value-added products can make a positive contribution to the community (Born and Bachmann, 2006).The process of adding-value to foods can be as simple as packaging lettuce or other foods, however, many other forms exist food processing and marketing (Falk, 2002), distributin g, cooking, combining, churning, culturing, grinding, or labelling (Born and Bachmann, 2006). Adding value to foods can increase food variety, as well as food availability, particularly when fruit, vegetables and other food leftovers that otherwise would be discarded are further tasteful into conserves, pickles, sauces and many other varieties of food products.Fulton (2003) explains that increasingly, farmers are creating producer alliances with other growers and investing in value-added business activities as a marketing strategy.In the study of Hee and Jae-Eun (2011) they found that organic food retailers develop effective marketing strategies emphasizing ecological beauty or product safety to satisfy the values of potential consumers. The study also suggests that these retailers try to change consumers perceptions of higher prices to cheap prices using marketing strategies (e.g. discount, advertisement, new product development), which make consumers believe that they are capabl e to buy organic personal bid products. Organic personal care product retailers attract potential consumers by displaying their products near the organic food sections at a grocery store. Organic personal care product retailers develop combine management activities called co-marketing with organic food product retailers.In addition, food networks is another strategy. Renting et al (2003), realise that some UK supermarkets buy and add value to fresh produce bought from farmers, including in the preparations of fresh salads and pies (Fearne and Hughes, 1999). In this process, consumers are introduced to local produce and presented with the products transformation into meals for their convenience and delight. Despite these proactive efforts by some supermarkets, such as in improving quality and safety standards, or in purchase integration and consolidation (Reardon et al., 2003 Weatherspoon and Reardon, 2003), large supermarkets have also contributed to major negative impacts among sm all, independent food growers. For example, in some cases supermarkets presence has resulted in the exclusion of small farms (Reardon et al., 2003 Weatherspoon and Reardon, 2003), squeezing and threatening the very existence of this group of food producers.With regard to promotion, print media like teen magazines as well as magazines dealing with sports or animals, represent an appropriate communication channel for directly addressing juveniles (Angelika and Ulrich, 2011). In similarity to the communication channel television, print media mainly have the advantage of being more affordable (Dammler et al., 2000) for producers of organic products as many of these are small- or medium-sized companies. In general, print media only reach smaller groups of people and their stimulus is less intensive. However, it can be applied efficiently to systematically address target groups with high involvement for particular topics (Dammler et al., 2000).In order to enhance a positive image of or ganic products furthermore, testimonials, such as celebrities from music, movies, television or sports represent relevant persons of identification were utilized in ads (Blackwell et al., 2006). Communication measures should increasingly encompass those channels that attract customers chat rooms, weblogs and podcasts. Communication with juveniles is seen as one of the most promising and challenge marketing measures of the future in order to increase their involvement in organic food (Niessen, 2010).In countries with successful domestic tomato processing, the fresh and processed markets may be fully coordinated or fully or partially separate. In the US, the fresh and processed markets are completely separate and so tomatoes for each can be considered as separate commodities (Allen 2008). Tomatoes for processing typically have a higher percentage of soluble solids and are grown under contract between growers and processors. This market can be characterised by extremely high yields a nd low prices. In contrast, fresh tomatoes are sold on the open market and prices are higher (USDA 2009). For example, in 2007, farmers in California were paid as little as 3 cents per pound of processing tomatoes, while near heirloom tomatoes were selling for $2.50 per pound at the farm gate (Allen 2008).However, in most developed tomato sectors, tomatoes for processing and the fresh market are somewhat integrated (USDA 2009). For example, in Turkey, tomatoes for processing tend to be grown on small farms with 80% involving contracts between the farmer and the processor prior to planting. In Mexico, most of the countrys processing tomato production is in Sinaloa and so is spatially separated. However, product moves between fresh and processed markets according to relative prices (Cook and Calvin 2005).Pricing StrategiesAccording to Pitt et al. (1997) price management includes a large number of decisions. Firms make decisions regarding price objectives, overall price strategy, stru ctural questions regarding product line and market segment price differentials, the employment of mixed types of price promotions and discounts, and the establishment of specific price levels for individual products and services. An observation of pricing decisions in many companies in markets and countries around the world suggests that a firms pricing actions have at least four key underlying dimensions.The first of these is the extent to which pricing decisions are cost-based versus market-based. Cost-based pricing finds management placing far more emphasis on covering its own costs than on other determinants of price (e.g. demand conditions, competitive market structures, company marketing strategy, etc.). It typically involves a reliance on some sort of cost-plus, keystone, or target return formula. Market-based pricing is more customer-centred wherein the principal purpose of price is to reflect the amount of value the customer is acquire from the firms total product and/or s ervice offering (Pitt et al, 1997).The second component is concerned with whether pricing is more risk-averse or risk-assumptive. Risk-averse pricing represents a conservative approach. Prices are modified only when absolutely necessary, price levels are kept in close proximity to those of competitors, and the price structure is kept as simple as possible. The main characteristic of the pricing strategy is a reluctance to rock the boat. Risk-assumptive pricing finds managers employing pricing schemes that are more novel, untested, and that have the potential of producing losses in revenue to the firm. However, there is a calculable probability of greater payoff should they succeed (Pitt et al, 1997).Again according to Pitt et al. (1997) the third component emphasizes whether a firms pricing is do in a more reactive or proactive manner. Reactive pricing involves mimicking the price moves of competitors, adjusting prices only after a change in regulations or a new technological break through that radically affects costs, and so forth. Proactive pricing describes the firm that takes a leadership role not only in changing price, but in being the first to introduce new pricing structures and payment schemes. It also reflects more aggressiveness in pricing, as well as speed or quickness in adjusting prices to reflect new opportunities.The fourth underlying component is the extent to which management emphasizes standardization versus flexibility in pricing. Standardization is reflected in a tendency to charge a universal price for ones product or service regardless of the user, the buying situation, or environmental (including competitive) contingencies. Flexibility, alternatively, finds the company varying prices based on segment or user elasticity, time and place of purchase, as well as in response to opportunities for product or service unbundling or bundling, and anticipated or actual moves by competitors, among other factors (Pitt et al, 1997).There may well be other underlying dimensions which specify a firms pricing behaviour, (e.g. an ethical dimension, although ethics in pricing are not all that well-defined). These dimensions above clearly interact with each other. Thus, being more proactive with ones pricing actions may entail greater risk. The success of firms in virtually all industries is increasingly dependent on their ability to engage in pricing that is market-based, risk-assumptive, proactive, and flexible. We refer to this combination of elements as entrepreneurial pricing (Pitt et al, 1997).MethodsThe descriptive study was adopted for the purpose of this research. Empirical data in the form of both quantitative and qualitative data was gathered.Tomato farmers whether large scale or subsistence farmers were the target because they produce the tomatoes for consumers and supply the industry with the chief raw material, (tomatoes). Their marketing manoeuvre and level of technology were assessed through questionnaires. Wholesal e buyers and sellers (the market queens) form part of the tomato industry because they purchase from the farmers (production unit) and sell to retailers who are in contact with individual consumers. Data from them made the study complete.The Northern Star Tomato lodge Limited (NSTC) has a stake in the industry because it also buys tomatoes from the farmers to process them into paste. instruction from them also made the findings of the study complete and unbiased.Though very difficult to estimate as the 2010 population and housing census were inaccessible at the time of this research, according to the 2000 census, the region had a population of 920, 089 making it the ninth most populous region in Ghana (Ghana Statistical Service 2000).The major occupations in the region were agriculture and related workers (66.4%), production and transport equipment workers (14.7%), sales workers, (9.6%), service workers (4.0%) and professional, technical and related workers (3.8%). In all the dist ricts, agriculture and related workers are the case-by-case largest occupation. Approximately 611,000 people were farmers. It was difficult to determine the number of tomato farmers from this population. The researchers sampled 260 tomato farmers, 60 tomato traders and 10 workers at the Northern Star Tomato Company Limited (NSTC).Convenience sampling was appropriate for the tomato farmers, wholesale buyers and sellers (the market queens) and the retailers while both convenience and purposive sampling was adopted for the top management of Northern Star Tomato Company Limited (NSTC).Purposive sampling provided us with in-dept information sought after. Thus the top management of the Northern Star Tomato Company Limited (NSTC) was targeted with purposive sampling while the workers sampled conveniently.Research InstrumentsApart from questionnaires that gathered data from the tomato farmers, wholesale buyers and seller (the market queens) and retailers, semi-structured in-depth intervie w was suitable for the workers of Northern Star Tomato Company Limited (NSTC). Literature review also deeply explored into the marketing strategies of the tomato industry in the speeding East Region of Ghana.Both open and closed ended questions form the questionnaires. There were two different sets of questionnaires for the farmers, the wholesale buyers and sellers. The first part of the questions generally boarded on demographics of tomato farmers and traders. The last two sections sought to measure the marketing skills and level of technology of the farmers. These were interviewer administered because many of the respondents were illiterates. Questions were even interpreted in to the language understood by the respondents. On the other hand, those who were able to read and answer the questions were self-administered.Likert scale was adapted to measure opinions on Marketing strategies and level of technology of tomato farmers. Thus opinions were mensurable with 5-point scales rang ing from 1 (total disagreement) to 5 (total agreement).For the management of the Northern Star Tomato Company Limited (NSTC), an in-depth interview was appropriate as this enabled the researchers to probe deep for rich data. With an interview guide and the 5-point scales ranging from 1 (total disagreement) to 5 (total agreement), data collected with this tool was effective and successful.The target population was served with introductory letters from the Department marketing and Corporate Strategy Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST). This and the professional approach by the researchers, assured respondents of their confidentiality. Averagely, detail data was willingly given for the success of the study.Marketing strategies- market research, segmentation, targeting, positioning, relationship marketing IMC tools advertising, promotion, public relations, internet marketing etc. Technology- modern farming implements and practices (fertilizers, weed killers irriga tion facilities etc), haulage, processing and storage.Explanation of Measurement ItemMarketing strategiesMS1 Conducting marketing research periodically increases profitability.MS2 Segmentation, targeting and positioning are successful marketing strategies.MS3 Relationship marketing everlasting business relationship with customers.MS4 International marketing strategies increase market share.The four Ps in marketing4Ps 1 Enhanced product quality has preferential advantage.4Ps 2 Pricing policies determine the purch